The internet has become a powerful force for global interconnectivity and democratization. What’s more, the internet has introduced new methods for collective mobilization, such as “e-rebellions” and virtual protests. The global pandemic has accelerated the use of cyberspace as a powerful venue for individuals, groups, and nations to share ideas, engage, mobilize, and challenge authoritarian states in an impactful way.
Meanwhile, the hacking of systems and the manipulation of our minds have turned into alarming threats. The Iranian regime uses a mix of cyber intrusions, domestic surveillance, digital manipulation campaigns, and terrorist activities to suppress the voice of dissent. The regime also hides behind cyber operatives and fake personas. They are inside digital infrastructure and active on social media platforms to advance a pro-Tehran policy agenda. Iran’s documented history of suppression includes arrests, executions and the filtering of all news through state-run media or even turning off Internet access for the public.